Ankara, Turkey, founded by the Hittites in 1200 BC, was a small provincial city 220 mi/355 km southeast of Istanbul known mostly for its production of extremely soft angora wool, and its equally silky white Angora cats.
It gained modern prominence after it replaced Istanbul as the capital in 1923. Consequently, it has distinct old and new sections.
The old part of the city, Ulus, is on two steep hills and is characterized by narrow, winding streets and neglected buildings. The new section's hallmark is characterless modern buildings and vast boulevards lined with grim ministries—and the city continues its rapid expansion.
Inside this tangle of old and new are Turkey's main cultural institutions: The city has several symphony orchestras and a handful of state-operated theaters that offer regular performances of opera, ballet and drama. There are also fine art museums in the city.
One of the most impressive sights is the Hisar (Citadel). Other photo stops include the well-preserved Temple of Augustus, the Roman Baths and the Haci Bayram Mosque.
Another must-see is the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations. The city also has an ethnographic museum, with displays on the many cultures found in Turkey; the Grand National Assembly Museum (the assembly that founded modern Turkey first met in Ankara); and Julian's Column (built by the Roman emperor who tried to revive paganism). Ankara can easily be seen in a two-night stay.
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